Grammar...YAY!

The more I study Spanish, the more English grammar I learn or at least I "refresh".

Here are the ENGLISH grammar topics we are reviewing or learning in class. I think these definitions will help you understand the Spanish grammar when we discuss them in class...I hope. :)

A. Demonstrative Adjectives:  (this, that, these, those) show whether the noun that they refer to is singular or plural and whether it is located near or far from the speaker or writer.

• this flower is beautiful
• that tree is tall
• these pears are juicy
• those bananas are green

B. Demonstrative Pronouns: (this, that, these, those) represents a thing or things that are near in distance or time, or far in distance or time.

• this is beautiful
• that is tall
• these are juicy
• those are green

My notes: http://www.sampsoncc.edu/staff/mmoore/demonstrative_adjectives.htm

C. Reflexive Pronouns: (myself, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves) is used when the object of a sentence is the SAME as the subject.

• I hurt myself. 
• She did it by herself. 
• We'll do it ourselves.

My notes: http://www.sampsoncc.edu/staff/mmoore/reflexive_verbs.htm

D. Indirect and Direct Objects: (me, you, him, her, it, us, them)

1. Direct Object Pronouns are pronouns that represent the nouns directly acted upon by the verb. It answers the question What? or Who?
2. Indirect Object Pronouns stand for the noun that is the recipient of the verb's actions. It tells to whom or for whom.

• Joe made Sally a cake.  Cake = Direct Object, Sally = Indirect Object
• Joe made it for her.      It = Direct Object Pronoun, Her = Indirect Object Pronoun

My notes:
http://www.sampsoncc.edu/staff/mmoore/direct_object_pronouns.htm
http://www.sampsoncc.edu/staff/mmoore/indirect_object_pronouns.htm
http://www.sampsoncc.edu/staff/mmoore/direct_indirect_pronouns.htm

E. Past Tense:

Simple Past is used: (verb + ed)

• To express a completed action in the past
• To list a series of completed actions in the past
• To express duration
• Habits that stopped in the past
• Past Facts or Generalizations

Past Continuous is used: (was/were + present participle)

• Interrupted Action in the past
• Specific Time as an interruption
• Parallel Actions
• Atmosphere
• Repetition and Irritation with "always"

My notes:
http://www.sampsoncc.edu/staff/mmoore/preterit.htm
http://www.sampsoncc.edu/staff/mmoore/imperfect_of_regular_and_irr.htm
http://www.sampsoncc.edu/staff/mmoore/preterimperf.htm

I hope this helps. If I come across more, trust me...I'll share.